Currently, there are a large number of various projects of residential buildings, erected from a variety of materials. In addition, construction work can be carried out on soils with a wide range of physical properties. All these factors determine the existence of a large number of types of foundations for buildings. Therefore, a foundation suitable for building a building should be selected taking into account the properties of the soil on which the house will be built, as well as the characteristics of the house under construction..
Today, the most common is the strip foundation. It is manufactured in the form of a reinforced concrete strip of a certain configuration. Typically, this structure is used in the construction of brick houses, houses with heavy ceilings or concrete walls. Such a foundation is also used in the construction of buildings with a basement or garage. According to the technology, the occurrence of this type of foundation should be at a freezing depth, with the obligatory presence of a drainage system.
For construction on heaving soils, or in places where groundwater is close to the surface, a screw-type foundation is used. Its use allows, in a short time and with minimal cost, to create a reliable foundation for the future building. Such a foundation on screw piles is made using pillars in the form of a pipe, at the end of which there are screw «wings», and screwed into the ground manually or mechanically. After that, the piles are welded together using a massive corner or channel.
A columnar foundation is a budget option. This structure is similar to a pile foundation, with the difference that, in this case, a reinforced concrete support is used as the main elements. The pillars are installed at the corners of the building and at the intersection. This design is used in the construction of light buildings..
The slab foundation is also called monolithic. It’s all about the technology of its manufacture, which provides for the manufacture of a shallow pit, made over the entire area of the future structure, and pouring it with concrete, which is reinforced with reinforcement. This type of foundation is quite expensive, therefore it is rarely used, mainly when it is necessary to obtain a strong floor..
