This is the famous Vilnius Church of St. Anne. The «fanciful» church was built in the 15th century on the site of an old wooden church, known at least from the end of the 14th century. Brick is the most popular material in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Initially, the walls of the church were painted yellow, but after a fire in 1761 they were repainted red.
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The style of St. Anne’s Church is characterized as «Flaming Gothic» — a late stage of Gothic, common at that time in France and the Netherlands. Truly mysterious is the facade of the temple, in which, according to art critic Vladas Drema, the ancient state symbol of Lithuania is encrypted — the Pillars of Gediminas, also called «Kolyumny». According to legend, these signs were «brought» to Lithuania by the Roman Palemon, the mythical founder of the Lithuanian state; meanwhile, according to historians, «Kolyumny» are similar to the Old Russian «signs of the Rurikovich». The version about Palemon who fled from Rome appeared around the 15th century, that is, at the time when the church was founded. Perhaps its construction was a kind of nationalist act of the Lithuanians and at the same time a symbol that «equates» the Lithuanian nation to the family of Western European peoples.
