Landscaping is an art that includes three areas. First, there is the engineering aspect: architecture, construction and design; and it also includes a biological aspect: botany, plant growing. On the third hand, landscape design uses information from the history of culture and philosophy. Also, landscaping and landscaping also refers to this type of design..
Garden landscape design differs from gardening and horticulture in that it is more versatile and includes more aspects. The main tasks of landscape design are to create harmony, beauty in combination with the infrastructure of buildings, to smooth out conflicts between nature and urbanization of cities. The specificity of landscape design lies in the fact that the designer works not only with «living» building materials, which include vegetation, water, soil, natural relief and fauna, but also with urbanization structures.
Even in ancient times, gardens were the traditional form of organizing the environment. Gardening was almost ubiquitous. The history of landscape design is rooted in the distant past and has a great legacy that has survived to this day. The first foci of agriculture appeared more than ten thousand years ago in the valleys of Mesopotamia, which resulted in the emergence of an anthropogenic landscape — a natural landscape that was strongly influenced by human changes.
Later, people began to pay sufficient attention to aesthetics in the landscape. Thus, gardens for relaxation and the like began to appear. The very concept of landscape design appeared in the XX century in Western Europe, in industrially developed and densely populated countries: Germany, Great Britain. Because it is in such countries that suburban sprawl and massive industrialization quickly put pressure on the environment.
The main provisions of landscape design include simplicity, convenience and practicality, aesthetic value (beauty). Landscape design as a special case of a more general concept — landscape design. The design and layout of the site occurs in a certain way — a sketch plan is created, taking into account the basic rules for the placement and planting of plants.
Thus, landscape design always indicates the style and degree of grooming, is the main decoration and property of both the garden and entire cities..
